Analog Integrated Circuit Design
Analog integrated circuit design represents the art and science of implementing continuous-signal processing functions within the constraints of semiconductor fabrication processes. Unlike discrete circuit design where components can be selected from a vast catalog of values, IC designers must work within the device characteristics that a given process provides, using clever circuit topologies to overcome limitations and exploit the unique advantages of integration.
The discipline combines deep understanding of semiconductor physics with creative circuit architecture to achieve functions that often surpass what is possible with discrete implementations. Matching between adjacent devices, thermal tracking, and the ability to create precise current and voltage ratios enable performance levels that would be impractical with discrete components. From the current mirrors that distribute bias currents throughout a chip to the bandgap references that provide temperature-stable voltages, analog IC design techniques form the foundation of modern mixed-signal and analog systems.